Improving the safety supervision and management level of dam operation of hydropower station by BIM Technology

mproving the safety supervision and management level of dam operation of hydropower station by BIM Technology

April 1, 2015 started the implementation of "hydropower station dam safety supervision and management regulations" (hereinafter referred to as the "Regulations") is a highly professional government department regulations, put forward many new requirements management ideas and new technologies, such as "risk control", "big dam safety online monitoring system", "remote online technical supervision" etc.. Here, combined with our work practice, we will talk about the new requirements for the new concept of dam safety risk management and remote online technology supervision in the regulations.

Emphasizing the risk management of dam safety, symbolizing the innovation of management concept and technical supervision means

The "9 risks" appeared in the "Regulations", and a "risk control" occurred at the same time. Compared with the old regulations, this is a new formulation, which means changes in management concepts and innovations in government technological supervision.

The concept of dam safety management has changed from simple dam safety management to dam safety risk management, which is a common change in developed countries in the world. ICOLD Bulletin No. 130 (ICOLDBulletin130) at the outset, with the development of society, people gradually realize that security is not an absolute state, but a kind of low residual risk tolerance. The old idea of dam safety management is to put all the energy on the safety of the dam itself and try to build and operate the absolutely safe dam according to the technical standards. In fact, each dam is a huge complex of artificial structures, we must clearly recognize that in the design and construction of dam safety at the same time, by the flood, earthquake, extreme weather and other natural factors test of dam operation, state foundation, dam material will change, the risk will be accompanied by the whole project life cycle; technical standard is a product of mature experience, facing the change process of dynamic state operation of the dam, rely solely on technology standard is insufficient, the dynamic risk management and control of the dam during operation has become an inevitable choice. In order to reduce the dam safety risk to an acceptable level as the guidance, through daily maintenance, operation of dam safety evaluation and reinforcement, emergency management, and other aspects of retirement, is a scientific, objective and reasonable economic practice.

There will be a lot of changes in the application of the concept of dam safety risk management to the dam technical supervision and management. For example, in addition to emphasizing dam construction, facility safety, operation and maintenance requirements of electric power enterprises, the "provision" [twelfth] "emergency management in electric power enterprises shall establish dam safety emergency management system, establish the dam safety emergency plan, the establishment of local government and relevant units of the emergency response mechanism, as risk measures. Fifteenth [] is the drop of retirement, to reduce the risk or withdraw from the operation of the fallback measures. In the third chapter of the periodic inspection, the inspection interval of the requirements and conditions of dam safety evaluation of dam treatment and emergency measures, also reflects the concept of risk management. The interval between the four rounds of dam inspection is basically five years. The nineteenth [periodical inspection] stipulates that "regular inspections are usually conducted every five years. After the first periodic inspection, the periodic inspection interval may be dynamically adjusted according to the safety risk of the dam, but it may not be less than three years or more than ten years. Such regulations, strengthening the management of high safety dams and dams with low safety risks, reduce the burden on enterprises. Specific to every dam safety risk situation, in subsequent fifth rounds of planning, we will fully summarize the past experience and lessons of dam safety management, and work out operational principles.

There is a safety risk in the dam. The enterprise must bear the main responsibility and the government must supervise it.

After the reform and opening up, the hydropower construction in China has developed rapidly, and many high dam and large banks have been built. The public is unavoidable to worry about the harm to the public safety of the dam. As a matter of fact, water conservancy and hydropower engineering is a prosperous project. It has a long history of construction, and has accumulated a wealth of practical experience. So far, there has been no dam break accident in China's hydropower dams, and the overall safety situation is good.

However, due to the complexity of geology, hydrology, meteorology, and even with the most advanced modern exploration techniques, take a detailed investigation and research, is still difficult to completely master the dam site engineering geology, hydrological and meteorological conditions; any geological exploration and hydrological and meteorological survey results, finally through the theoretical calculation and the Design on the basis of, so in some cases, the data and the actual situation may differ greatly. In the design, there may be some problems in estimating or deviating from the operation condition of hydraulic structures, or the simplification of the reference hypothesis, which makes the result deviate from the actual situation, so it is hard to design perfectly. During construction, there may also be a series of quality problems, such as improper construction method, improperly vibrating concrete pouring, temperature control, material selection, and compaction of rockfill. After completion and operation, under the influence of various forces and natural environment, the gradual aging of the dam materials and the continuous seepage and corrosion of high pressure water make the physical and mechanical properties of the dam and its foundation change gradually and deviate from the design requirements. Therefore, under the influence of bad environmental factors such as long-term action of load, floods and earthquakes, there is possibility of accidents and accidents in hydraulic structures, which is the risk of dam safety.

Throughout the history of the world's dams, almost every dam has been lost.