Professional knowledge of water conservancy and hydropower safety production

1. what are the categories of accidents? A: yes, sir

A: in China, accidents are classified into 20 categories: object strike, vehicle injury, mechanical injury, lifting injury, electric shock, drowning, burning, fire, falling at height, collapse, roof caving, water penetration, blasting, gunpowder explosion, gas explosion, boiler explosion, container explosion, other explosion, poisoning and suffocation, and other injuries. A: yes, sir

2. water conservancy and hydropower engineering construction in the multiple types of accidents have what? A: yes, sir

Answer: in the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects, there are many accidents, such as high falling, lifting injury, electric shock, drowning, collapse and object strike, etc. A: yes, sir

3. what are the basic requirements of personal protection of construction site personnel?

Answer: personnel entering the construction site shall wear safety helmet, and site operation personnel shall wear protective articles such as work clothes and work shoes correctly; For aerial work or work inspection of construction personnel should be the correct use of safety rope, safety belt and other protective equipment. A: yes, sir

4. which personnel shall not be engaged in high homework?

A: people with high blood pressure, heart disease, anemia, psychosis and other people who are not suitable for high-altitude work, as diagnosed by a doctor. A: yes, sir

5. what are the safety protection measures for high-altitude operation?

Answer: ( 1 ) homework personnel must wear safety helmet, fasten your seat belt, wear soft shoes; ( 2 ) suspended high homework, scaffolding platform laid fixed scaffolding, temporary side must build safety net and protective railings, safety net increases with the rise of the building, the maximum height of the working face is not more than 3 m, protective railings height shall not be less than 1 m; ( 3 ) high homework around the channel, hole mouth, etc must be fixed cover plate cover or protective fence. A: yes, sir

6. high homework according to the height can be divided into several?

Answer: according to the height division, high homework can be divided into level 1 ( 2 ~ 5 m ), level 2 ( 5 ~ 15 m ), level 3 ( 15 ~ 30 m ) and super ( more than 30 m ) high homework four kinds. A: yes, sir

7. what are the special high homework?

Answer: there are the following eight kinds of special high-altitude operations: high-altitude operation with wind gusts above 6, high-altitude operation with different temperatures, high-altitude operation on snow days, high-altitude operation on rainy days, high-altitude operation at night, high-altitude operation on live lines, high-altitude operation in suspension and high-altitude operation for rescue. A: yes, sir

8. under what circumstances shall not be high homework?

Answer: high - altitude operation shall not be carried out under the following circumstances: ( 1 ) gas, smoke and other harmful gases under or near the operation are not excluded or isolated; ( 2 ) working near the charged body, and from the charged body of the minimum safe distance is insufficient and did not take measures; ( 3 ) for level 3, super and special high homework before, did not take corresponding safety technical measures, no technical disclosure; ( 4 ) bent, scaffolding, horse way, ladder and protective measures do not meet the safety requirements; ( 5 ) other circumstances specified in the specification and procedures. A: yes, sir

9. what should be paid attention to in lifting transportation operation?

Answer: in the hoisting and transportation operation, the following problems should be paid attention to: collision prevention, object falling prevention, unhooking prevention, overturning prevention, the use of steel wire ropes and rope clamps should comply with the safety requirements, the hoisting safety device is perfect, sensitive and reliable, and other safety precautions. A: yes, sir

10. under what circumstances shall not be carried out lifting operation?

Answer: in order to ensure safe operation, the hoisting and transportation machinery shall not carry out hoisting operation under the following conditions: overload, objects buried in the ground that cannot be estimated, unstable fastening of workpieces, cable-stayed workpieces, dim light and poor visibility, unclear command signals or disorderly command, and failure of safety devices. A: yes, sir

11. metal welding and hot cutting operation process will produce what harmful substances? What occupational hazards are caused to the operators?

Answer: high temperature, toxic gas, harmful dust and arc radiation will be generated during metal welding and hot cutting operation, which may lead to accidents such as explosion, fire, scald, poisoning, electric shock and falling at high altitude. Workers may suffer from pneumoconiosis, chronic poisoning, blood diseases, electro-optic ophthalmopathy and skin diseases and other occupational hazards. A: yes, sir

12. what basic safety requirements should metal welding and hot cutting operators comply with?

Answer: ( 1 ) personnel engaged in metal welding and hot cutting operation should be familiar with the operation safety technical regulations and relevant safety knowledge, and after special training assessment, obtain special operation operation certificate rear can mount guard operation. It is strictly prohibited to work without a license; ( 2 ) welding, cutting place must have fire control facilities, and ensure that it is in good condition; ( 3 ) to ensure that the workplace has enough lighting, sufficient light; ( 4 ) before work should check whether welding machine, electric wire and other equipment in good condition, the workplace is in accordance with the safety requirements. After the work should be pulled down the welding machine knife, cut off the power supply, close the gas bottle valve and pressure reducing valve, to prevent hidden trouble; ( 5 ) the wind more than 5, ban open welding and gas cutting operations. A: yes, sir

13. what are the key points of occupational hazard protection for metal welding and hot cutting operations?

Answer: ( 1 ) welders shall properly wear labor protection articles such as work shoes and protective gloves as required; ( 2 ) engaged in welding work, must use a mask with filter; Gas welding, gas cutting operation, must wear colored glasses, prevent spark burn eyes; ( 3 ) the workplace to strengthen ventilation dust, prevent harmful gases and dust accumulation; ( 4 ) summer hot season operation, to take measures to prevent summer cooling, strengthen ventilation. A: yes, sir

14. what measures should be taken to prevent electric shock welding operation personnel themselves?

Answer: ( 1 ) in the input or pull open the power knife, must stop welding, should wear dry gloves, the other hand shall not press on the welding machine shell; Change welding machine wiring, move or repair welding machine should cut off the power supply; ( 2 ) the electric welding wire must use good insulation rubber soft copper wire, generally not more than 50 m in length; Operation is prohibited to weld the wire wrapped around the body or step on the foot; ( 3 ) welding work in wet places, must stand on the dry wood or wear rubber insulated shoes; In the metal container or pipe welding work, should wear dry overalls and rubber insulated shoes, at the same time the foot pad insulation pad; ( 4 ) the working line lamp voltage shall not exceed 36 v, in the metal container or wet place line lamp voltage shall not exceed 12 v; It is strictly prohibited to line lamp transformer and welding machine into the metal container. A: yes, sir

15. what are the technical measures to prevent electric shock?

Answer: the main technical measures to prevent electric shock are: ( 1 ) insulation: mica, rubber, porcelain, plastic, glass and other insulating materials will be charged body package; ( 2 ) screen protection: separate the charged part of the electrical equipment from the outside by box body, shield and shield; ( 3 ) spacing: keeping a certain safe distance between the charged body and the human body; ( 4 ) using safe voltage: the power frequency effective value of the power supply is 42v, 36v, 24v, 12v and 6v voltage level is safe voltage; ( 5 ) double insulated portable electric tools and reinforced insulation materials shall be selected: the regulations stipulate that double insulated portable electric tools shall be selected for operation on wet places or metal frames, and reinforced insulated soft cables shall be selected for power supply lines of mobile equipment; ( 6 ) protection grounding, protection of zero; ( 7 ) install leakage protector; ( 8 ) hanging signs: signs made of insulating materials; Sign color unified regulation, red said has been closed into operation, yellow and green double color said protection grounding line, etc. A: yes, sir

16. what are the main causes of electrical fire?

Answer: the main causes of electrical fire are: ( 1 ) insulation aging damage and short circuit; ( 2 ) the lack of maintenance equipment for a long time, resulting in joint oxidation or loose heat; ( 3 ) line or equipment overload operation; ( 4 ) heating electrical components are too close to flammable. A: yes, sir

17. the main measures to prevent electrical fire? A: yes, sir

Answer: ( 1 ) the line, electrical appliances shall not be overloaded; ( 2 ) strengthen daily maintenance, found loose joint fastening in time; Often check the insulation of electrical lines and equipment, found damaged aging timely replacement; ( 3 ) easy to heat electrical appliances and flammable keep a safe distance; ( 4 ) according to the use of environmental conditions correct electrical equipment. A: yes, sir

18. electrical equipment operation should comply with the basic provisions?

Answer: ( 1 ) electrician should pass the safety technical training and examination, obtain special operation certificate rear can work independently. Non electrical professionals shall not be allowed to install and dismantle electrical equipment, wire; ( 2 ) electrical work must wear insulating shoes, overalls, equipped with commonly used insulation tools and test pen. It is strictly prohibited to shirtless or wear slippers homework; ( 3 ) shall not overload operation, shall not use copper wire instead of fuse, shall not use medical tape instead of insulating tape; ( 4 ) the power cord insulation of the equipment must be intact, for mobile equipment power cord should be better protected, prevent damage by external force insulation; When moving electrical equipment to cut off the power supply, in order to prevent electric shock; ( 5 ) the use of portable electric tools should be used by an electrician after connecting the line, and to wear insulating shoes and insulating gloves; ( 6 ) charged operation, brake operation and pole operation must be someone care, and hang signs as required, high charged operation shall not use metal escalator, should use the appropriate wooden escalator; ( 7 ) equipment installation, maintenance wiring must be tight, firm, multi-strand wire generally should be by lining tin or with line nose after crimping and equipment connection; Equipment after new installation or maintenance must be measured before put into use equipment insulation resistance, conform to the requirements of the power test run; ( 8 ) found that someone get an electric shock should immediately cut off the power supply. A: yes, sir

19. what are the main lightning protection measures?

Answer: ( 1 ) the main measures to prevent direct lightning are: set up an independent lightning rod, set up a lightning protection belt on the top of the building, lightning protection network, set up a lightning protection wire on the power line; ( 2 ) main measures to prevent induced lightning and lightning wave are: install lightning arrester, breakdown protector, discharge protection gap, etc. at line terminal and equipment incoming line. A: yes, sir

20. how to prevent personal lightning?

Answer: personal lightning protection points: ( 1 ) thunderstorm, non-work necessary to try not to stay in the field; ( 2 ) thunderstorm, don't stand on the top of the high hillside or open area, more can't stay in the above place steel umbrella standing and mobile phone; ( 3 ) the thunderstorm, the construction site should stop open air high homework and open air lifting operation; Homework personnel don't hide under the rig, tower crane, tower, tree and flagpole, don't close to the lightning protection device down lead or stand near the independent lightning rod; ( 4 ) the thunderstorm indoor shoulds not open the TV, the use of telephone, so as not to be attacked by lightning wave; ( 5 ) is located in the open open house to close the doors and windows in the thunderstorm, so as not to be hit by spherical ray. A: yes, sir

21. blasting operation should pay attention to what matters?

Answer: ( 1 ) blasting materials must be inspected before use, do not conform to the technical standards of blasting materials shall not be used. For wet working face with water blasting charge, must be strictly waterproof treatment; ( 2 ) underground excavation prohibit the use of black powder; The use of electric detonator blasting operation area, processing room and close to the blasting power line of anyone, shall not carry a flashlight insulation, in case of explosion; ( 3 ) charge, it is strictly prohibited to put blasting equipment in a dangerous place or mechanical equipment, power supply, fire near. When there is no reliable evacuation conditions at the blasting site, it is strictly prohibited to use spark initiation; ( 4 ) the same place, open-air shallow hole blasting shall not be carried out at the same time with deep hole, cavern blasting; ( 5 ) after blasting, gunner should check whether all charge hole initiation, such as found a blind gun, properly handle in time according to the regulations. Before processing, must be set up in the vicinity of the guard, and set up a clear sign. A: yes, sir

22. under what circumstances shall blasting operations not be carried out?

Answer: ( 1 ) no blasting design; ( 2 ) no construction organization scheme and safety technical measures; ( 3 ) non blasting personnel did not withdraw from the blasting danger zone, and did not take protective measures; ( 4 ) no lighting and bad weather at night ( fog days, thunderstorm days and winds above level 5, etc. ); ( 5 ) when the concentration of methane or carbon dioxide in the air in the underground well is more than 1 %; ( 6 ) other circumstances stipulated in the rules and regulations. A: yes, sir

23. what is the main reason for the scaffold safety accident? What are the precautions in the erection and use?

Answer: the safety accident of scaffold is mainly collapse, caused by poor management, unqualified material, irregular erection, template and scaffold without design, calculation, insufficient strength of support system, poor stability. Erection and use of precautions: ( 1 ) scaffolding must be held by the qualified scaffolder special operation certificate take down, take down before to carry out detailed technical disclosure; ( 2 ) the erection of scaffolding must be carried out in strict accordance with the requirements of technical specifications, set up, must be handed over to the competent department for inspection and acceptance, qualified rear for shelves; ( 3 ) the load in the use of scaffolding shall not exceed the provisions; ( 4 ) in the process of use to do regular inspection and maintenance, prohibit illegal use; After bad weather, must check the stability and safety performance of the shelf, to ensure the safety of use; ( 5 ) dismantle scaffold must be removed layer by layer from top to bottom, it is strictly prohibited to throw down from high altitude. A: yes, sir

24. earth excavation construction often will happen in what safety problems?

Answer: in deep foundation pit, high slope earthwork excavation construction, may collapse accident caused by safety problems; In the excavation of underground caverns, the safety problems such as landslide, water gushing and gas often occur. A: yes, sir

25. what are the safety points of earthwork construction?

Answer: ( 1 ) it is strictly prohibited to dig root digging method digging or slope digging into the slope, so as to avoid collapse caused by accidents; ( 2 ) found on the slope pumice or other loose prominent dangerous stone, should first notify the following personnel after evacuation, immediately for processing; Found that the slope is unstable phenomenon, should immediately check and deal with; ( 3 ) has been excavated slope surface, measures should be taken to prevent water along the slope, so as not to cause collapse; ( 4 ) near the building, equipment foundation, roadbed, high voltage iron tower and pole near the operation, to develop specific protective measures; ( 5 ) without the consent of the design, shall not arbitrarily modify the slope; ( 6 ) when working on a slope steeper than 3m than 1: 1, a safety rope shall be hung; Working on wet slopes, should have anti-skid measures; ( 7 ) under the condition of insufficient lighting or bad weather ( strong wind, heavy rain ), it is forbidden to work on the slope. A: yes, sir

26. what are the safety regulations in the stone square open excavation construction?

Answer: ( 1 ) hydraulic structure foundation excavation, slope excavation, should be carried out from top to bottom; ( 2 ) open cut operation before construction, should be at least 5 m outside the design line within the scope of pumice, debris clean, if necessary, top dig intercepting ditch, and set up a safety fence; ( 3 ) the excavation depth of the slope, every 5 m should be a clear slope, measurement and inspection, the fault, fracture, fracture zone and other bad geological structure reinforcement and protection; ( 4 ) pry digging operation, shall not stand in the direction of the stone slide or upper and lower homework at the same time; The bottom of the pry dig operation shall not pass, and should set up a specialist care; Pry dig work should be cleared in the suspension layer and pry into a no danger of slope rear can call it a day; Pry dig personnel should maintain appropriate spacing for operation; Operation on the dangerous edge shall be carried out during the day, must wear a seat belt, wear safety helmet, not many people share a safety rope; ( 5 ) the construction site of all kinds of construction machinery, should set up a unified command. A: yes, sir

27. shaft using top-down full section excavation method should pay attention to what?

Answer: when adopting top-down full-section excavation method, the following problems should be paid attention to: ( 1 ) the wellhead must be locked; Ensure wellhead stability; Prevent debris from falling into the well platform; ( 2 ) the lifting facilities shall be specially designed; ( 3 ) well depth of more than 15 m, up and down personnel using lifting equipment; ( 4 ) water leakage, water spray area, waterproof and drainage facilities should be set up. A: yes, sir

28. rock excavation found when roof caving or side wall slip phenomenon such as what safety measures should be taken?

Answer: the following safety measures should be taken when the phenomenon such as roof caving or side wall slippage is found during rock excavation: ( 1 ) find out the reasons, formulate specific construction scheme and safety measures, and deal with them quickly; ( 2 ) strong groundwater activities, water conservancy and collapse after treatment; ( 3 ) ready to clear the evacuation channel, sufficient construction equipment; ( 4 ) before the processing work, strengthen the collapse section at both ends of the intact support or rock mass; ( 5 ) to deal with landslides, generally deal with the side wall on both sides of the first, and then deal with the top arch; ( 6 ) the construction personnel should work in a reliable bunker; ( 7 ) observe the change of danger at any time, timely modify the processing measures, to ensure the safety of personnel. A: yes, sir

29. what are the basic processing engineering safety protection measures?

Answer: ( 1 ) the rig frame, displacement to develop safety measures; ( 2 ) the rig mast installation lightning protection device; ( 3 ) protective grounding device is installed on the shell of the motor equipment and the starting and adjusting device; ( 4 ) all kinds of transmission machinery installation shield; ( 5 ) rig platform must level off solid and firm, drill frame around the foot to ensure a certain safety distance, temporary air surface must be set up safety railings; ( 6 ) inflammable, explosive, toxic and corrosive chemical materials to take all kinds of effective safety protection measures; ( 7 ) to participate in grouting construction personnel, must wear protective equipment, gas masks, safety helmet, glasses, latex head, etc., to dust, poisoning prevention. A: yes, sir

30. what should be paid attention to in the basic processing engineering security matters?

Answer: ( 1 ) drilling rig installation: first stand the drill frame and then install the machine, first remove the machine and then remove the drill frame; Stand from bottom to top, dismantle frame from top to bottom; ( 2 ) in the operation of the drilling machine, feed the rotary range shall not be someone, at the same time the operator body to avoid and prevent drilling tools suddenly fall cuts; ( 3 ) chemical grouting materials should be kept away from the fire source, and different chemical materials stored separately; ( 4 ) chemical grouting material configuration, no smoking, no fire. The waste liquid and the waste vessel are deeply buried away from the drinking water source for treatment; ( 5 ) grouting, shall not be the slurry nozzle to the people; ( 6 ) drill power cord must be overhead, lighting appliances and frame insulation; ( 7 ) in case of storm, lightning, cut off the power supply to stop drilling machine; ( 8 ) under the threat of flood construction site should strengthen the alert, do a good job in emergency measures. A: yes, sir

31. what should be paid attention to in the process of template installation security matters?

Answer: ( 1 ) when dismantling the template, should prevent up and down in the same vertical plane operation, or isolation measures must be taken; ( 2 ) high homework, template connector must be placed in the box or tool bag, it is strictly prohibited to spread on the foot hand plate; Wrench tools such as rope hanging in the body, so as to avoid falling cuts; ( 3 ) in the process of shuttering, if you need to stop halfway, should support, lap head, stigma plate nailing; Dismantle intermittent, should have activity template, support, etc. removed away and properly stacked, in case of falling cuts; ( 4 ) remove the template, it is strictly prohibited to the operator standing on the template is removed; ( 5 ) when ripping concrete strength shall comply with the requirements of the relevant provisions; ( 6 ) the combination of steel template assembly and disassembly, up and down should be someone meet, steel template and accessories should be with the assembly and disassembly with the transfer, it is strictly prohibited to throw down from a height; ( 7 ) remove the big template, should hang up the hook, and then cut off the top brace. It is forbidden to place any object on the large template or platform when removing the mold; ( 8 ) without support or since the angle of stability of large template, shall not be vertical on other templates or components, should lie flat. A: yes, sir

32. what are the safety precautions in the process of steel transportation and installation?

Answer: ( 1 ) from low to high transmission of steel bar, generally one at a time; Multiple root transmission together, should be tied strong, and the rope buckle firmly lift. Transport personnel shall not stand in the vertical below the steel bar; ( 2 ) lifting steel must be binding is firm, and set up a stable rope. Reinforcement shall not be mixed with other objects. Lifting is strictly prohibited in the construction personnel above the rotation and through, prevent steel hook hook, hook or fall and accident; ( 3 ) before lifting steel mesh or steel components, should check the welding or binding of each node, if there is any loose or leakage welding, must be treated before lifting; ( 4 ) when using vehicles to transport steel, steel must be binding with the body, prevent steel slip cuts during transportation; ( 5 ) lifting steel skeleton, below it is forbidden to stand, must stay skeleton landed within 1 m from the site to be close to. In place must support good can pick hook; ( 6 ) in high places, deep pit binding steel and installation skeleton, must build scaffolding and horse way; ( 7 ) in the steep slope and near the empty surface binding steel, should be ready to template, and with the embedded reinforcement after prison, and should be set up strong support; ( 8 ) it is strictly prohibited to walk on the steel bar not welded firmly. Walking on the bound steel frame, should be laid scaffolding. A: yes, sir

33. what are the safety matters that should be paid attention to when mixing concrete?

Answer: ( 1 ) mixing machine must be placed in a solid place, with a bracket or leg bobbin frame stability, not to replace the support with tires; ( 2 ) the exposed gear transmission parts such as protective device should be set up, ensure that the motor grounding is good; ( 3 ) mixing machine operation, it is strictly prohibited to tools into the mixing drum; It is strictly prohibited to add oil to the rotating parts; Cleaning, maintenance and other work is strictly prohibited; ( 4 ) on-site maintenance mixer, should be fixed hopper, cut off the power supply. When working in the mixing drum, someone should monitor outside. A: yes, sir

34. what are the precautions for transporting concrete?

Answer: ( 1 ) when transporting concrete by trolley, the distance between the front and rear vehicles shall not be less than 2m on the ground, and the downhill shall not be less than 10m; Cart to hopper material should be in the car stop facilities, and material shall not be scattered; ( 2 ) dump truck to pit depression point unloading concrete, must keep the rear wheel and pit edge appropriate safe distance, prevent landslides overturned; After unloading the concrete, the car should be immediately recovered, not walk while fall; ( 3 ) before the use of concrete hanging tank, should first of wire rope, balance beam, hanging tank and rings and other lifting parts for inspection, if there is any damage is strictly prohibited; ( 4 ) lifting, lifting, steering, lowering and in place of lifting tank, must obey the command; It is strictly prohibited to stand under the hanging tank; Lifting is strictly prohibited when lifting tank shaking in space, lifting tank in place in the warehouse shall not be hard to pull; ( 5 ) it is strictly prohibited to concrete beyond the top of the hanging tank, in case of collapse cuts; ( 6 ) hanging tank to warehouse surface fall to a certain height, should slow down the decline, steering and crane driving speed, avoid emergency brake, so as to avoid swinging impact on the human body; Unloading, warehouse personnel should pay attention to avoid, not stay or work under the hanging tank; Discharge should be closed after the bucket door, and the hanging tank external attachment of aggregate, mortar to remove rear can hang away. A: yes, sir

35, what are the matters needing attention when concrete vibrating?

Answer: ( 1 ) in the process of closing vibrating, often observe the template, support, brace deformation; If the deformation is found to be in danger of collapse, should immediately stop working, and timely report to the relevant command personnel; ( 2 ) shall not put the vibrator in operation on the template or scaffold; ( 3 ) the use of electric vibrator, there must be a leakage protector or grounding device; Move vibrator or interrupt work, must cut off the power supply; ( 4 ) shall not use wet hand contact vibrator power switch; Vibrator cable shall not break the skin leakage. A: yes, sir

36. what are the safety points for demolition work?

Answer: ( 1 ) before construction, first of the demolition of buildings, structures and other structural strength to conduct a comprehensive detailed investigation, formulate the corresponding demolition construction organization scheme and safety technical measures; ( 2 ) auxiliary work: collect underground pipeline data such as water supply and power supply in the construction site and adjacent areas that may be affected by the construction, meteorological and hydrological data, and conduct migration, protection or cut-off treatment for corresponding wind, water and electricity; There is a risk of collapse of the structure to take temporary reinforcement measures; The materials and materials on the dismantled structure shall be removed in time; ( 3 ) around the demolition work, should be designated safe area, set up a safety fence, near the traffic road or demolition below, should be designated persons alert, irrelevant personnel shall not enter; ( 4 ) in accordance with the demolition order, top-down order, prohibit several layers or inside and outside the demolition at the same time; ( 5 ) demolition work should be designated persons command, in case of accident. A: yes, sir

37. what are the safety precautions in the process of gate installation?

Answer: ( 1 ) the gate and built-in parts shall be piled up stably, neatly and firmly supported, and shall not be stacked in layers, and shall be provided with appropriate personnel and access roads for lifting equipment; ( 2 ) lifting operation, component shall not stand below, when the parts close to the combination of party allow wear gloves with the hand centralizer; The hanging component is not stable and take reinforcement measures before, shall not be arbitrarily removed hook; When the gate falls into the groove, operators are prohibited from standing within the scope of the sill at the bottom of the door groove or in the following, prohibit unarmed climbing on the erected gate; ( 3 ) assembly operation, it is strictly prohibited to throw in the air transfer tools, it is strictly prohibited to reach into the connecting surface or touch the screw hole; ( 4 ) open hole operation, the top of the orifice should be set up railings and safety warning signs, within the scope of 0.5 m at the bottom of the cloth curtain; During the operation should assign personnel on duty at the top of the orifice monitoring, it is strictly prohibited to throw any items into the hole; ( 5 ) the radial gate fixed hinge support installation should be facilities platform, hanging safety net under the platform, around the layout of protective railings; The displacement measurement of the inner wall of the movable and fixed hinge seat hole must be carried out in the static state of the two hinge seats, and it is strictly prohibited to use the hand to explore the adjustment process; ( 6 ) in the orifice installation bottom water stop operation, should arrange specialist care hoist, keep in touch with homework personnel at any time; Machine room hanging safety signs, prohibit anyone to start the hoist; Operators shall not drill at the bottom of the door leaf; ( 7 ) in the process of gate test and operation, no one shall contact the mechanical operation parts of the equipment, head and hand shall not be extended into the range of mechanical travel for observation and exploration; System failure, should immediately stop to find out the reason, it is forbidden to check and adjust under the condition of equipment operation. A: yes, sir

38. what are the safety precautions in the process of water diversion steel pipe installation?

Answer: ( 1 ) for the transportation and hoisting of steel pipe anchor, main block and anchor ring, wire rope, etc. should be calculated and checked, and has enough safety factor, also need to carry out the necessary load test before formal use; ( 2 ) steel pipe transportation, irrelevant personnel shall not be close to the force of wire rope and pulley; ( 3 ) install steel pipe in the straight well or tunnel, if found in the hole rock loose signs of collapse, the staff should leave the risk area, after taking safety protection measures to resume construction; ( 4 ) steel pipe hoisting to seam, it is strictly prohibited to head, hand and foot into or on the nozzle, in case of rolling, crush injury; ( 5 ) steel pipe temporary welding pedal, damper, support frame, armrest, etc., after welding must be carefully checked, confirm firmly rear can use; ( 6 ) in steel pipe welding, someone should monitor, tube temperature shall not exceed 40 ℃, otherwise should implement the rotation operation, or take other measures to prevent summer cooling. A: yes, sir

39. what are the provisions for the storage and use of metal anticorrosive coatings?

Answer: ( 1 ) all kinds of paint, gasoline, alcohol, perfume, banana oil, and other flammable and toxic materials, should be stored in a special storage warehouse closed, not mixed with other materials; ( 2 ) the paint warehouse should be managed by someone, it is strictly prohibited to fireworks. Warehouse should have good ventilation conditions, shall not live, warehouse should be set up outside the fire equipment; ( 3 ) when using, paint and other coatings should be placed in a cool place, prevent volatilization. A: yes, sir

40. when coating spraying should pay attention to what safety matters?

Answer: ( 1 ) welding, cutting, smoking or ignition are strictly prohibited on the paint coating site, it is strictly prohibited to use metal rod mixing paint, avoid metal friction spark caused by explosion or ignition paint paint fire. Foam, carbon dioxide or dry powder fire extinguishing equipment shall be provided on the spraying site; ( 2 ) in poor ventilation and semi-closed space coating, should wear air supply type hood or filter type poison mask, and have specialist care. If the operators feel dizzy, headache, nausea, vomiting and other discomfort, they should immediately stop the operation; ( 3 ) contaminated with coating of cotton yarn, rags, oil paper and other waste, should be included in the metal container with cover in a timely manner. A: yes, sir

41. what are the safety precautions in the process of turbine and large water pump installation?

Answer: ( 1 ) when using paint remover or gasoline cleaning equipment, staff should wear masks and leather gloves; Cleaning the scene should be equipped with a fire extinguisher, no smoking, and keep a safe distance from the fire; ( 2 ) the combination of split large, homework personnel hands and feet shall not be extended into the combination of surface in case of crush injury; ( 3 ) the equipment turn over, below should be set up the wood or cushion layer to protect, equipment below no one stay; ( 4 ) high homework, should have a strong working platform, homework personnel to fasten your seat belt; ( 5 ) into the steel pipe ( runner ), volute, runner room and tailpipe closed parts such as homework, should have more than two people, must wear safety helmet, should have enough lighting and equipped with a flashlight. At the same time do a good job in preventing water filling steel tube volute safety measures; ( 6 ) hoisting equipment, equipment shall not stand on the people, the bottom shall not be someone to work or stay. Equipment in place after stable, can work on it; ( 7 ) axial flow unit installation, wheel indoor should have safety protection platform, mixed flow unit should be set-up platform under the foundation, prevent homework personnel fall; ( 8 ) water turbine, water pump water part before entering the door seal should be by two staff into the internal inspection, confirm no one can be closed. A: yes, sir

42. what are the safety precautions in the installation process of generator and large synchronous motor?

Answer: ( 1 ) in the generator, motor pit work, brake ( damper ) foundation buried scaffolding, working platform or safety protective railings; And turbine room to have isolation protection measures; ( 2 ) cut concrete, protective glasses should be worn. It is strictly prohibited to wear gloves hammer handle; ( 3 ) should be set up around the pit fence, non-staff shall not be free access; ( 4 ) before the stator hoisting, should check whether the lifting tool is reliable, wire rope is in good condition; In place, the turbine nest should temporarily stop operation, personnel evacuation; ( 5 ) the stator in the pit adjustment, should be in the hole position erection of safety net, homework personnel fasten your seat belt; ( 6 ) the rotor did not fall to the installation position, in addition to the commander, it is strictly prohibited to other personnel on the rotor any walk; When hoisting rotor near the flange mouth, should send someone to check, prevent collision, inspectors shall not put his hand into the combination between the surface; ( 7 ) electrical equipment for the test, the scene should be set up temporary fence, hang warning signs, and assign personnel alert. A: yes, sir

43. how to use power tools safely?

Answer: ( 1 ) the electric tools used should be well insulated. When using electric tools in the construction site, must be installed leakage protector, safety isolation transformer and other safety protection measures; ( 2 ) the use of angle grinder, portable grinder, protective glasses should be worn, grinding mars towards the side of the unmanned equipment; ( 3 ) the use of hand electric drill, should be started after contact with the workpiece, drilling inclined hole should prevent slippery drill, operation shall not be directly remove iron filings by hand; ( 4 ) use grinder should be started first, after reaching the normal speed, then contact the workpiece. Grinding wheel protective cover should be installed in good condition; ( 5 ) use grinding wheel saw grinding workpiece should be firmly put, in case of sawing bounce cuts; ( 6 ) when using electric hammer, operators should wear safety helmet, wear insulating work shoes, and need to wear masks and glasses. A: yes, sir

44. why is the construction in progress during the flood season to take various preventive measures?

Answer: this is due to the heavy rainfall and typhoon in flood season will cause extremely strong damage: ( 1 ) river basin, shantang reservoir water level rose sharply, flood basin; ( 2 ) there will be strong wind disaster and waterlogging in plain area; ( 3 ) seawalls, dams, coastal aquaculture, etc. will be washed away; ( 4 ) secondary disasters such as landslide, collapse and debris flow occur. Due to the water retaining and drainage structures under construction are not formed or not up to the design scale, the ability to resist disasters is low, and the engineering and operators are more vulnerable. Therefore, the flood season to take various preventive measures to ensure the safety of flood season. A: yes, sir

45. what preparations should be made before the flood season?

Answer: before the flood season should do the following preparatory work: ( 1 ) ideological preparation: adhere to the " prevention first, prevention is more important than rob", ready to bear hardships and stand hard work, continuous combat ideological preparation; ( 2 ) organization preparation: flood control headquarters shall be established before flood season, and post responsibilities shall be implemented to the person; The formation of the construction unit personnel as the main body of the flood control and rescue team; Flood control and emergency rescue technical training and actual combat exercises; ( 3 ) project preparation: the project legal person shall prepare the project flood control scheme, and the construction unit shall formulate corresponding flood control ( scheme ) measures according to the scheme and submit them for approval; Non flood season, the construction unit should be planned to organize the construction of the project, the image of the project in progress to achieve the appearance of the provisions of the flood; Before the flood season, especially unfinished projects and temporary facilities, should be based on the situation, respectively, for flood prevention and reinforcement; ( 4 ) material preparation: according to the flood control standard and quality of the project and the specific conditions such as vulnerable parts, actively prepare the soil materials, sand and gravel materials, wood ( including bamboo ), steel pipes, bagged life-saving appliances, etc. for flood control, the quantity meets the needs, and the stacking place is reasonable; ( 5 ) information acceptance preparation: the construction site is equipped with telephone, television, radio, computer and other equipment, to accept the hydrological and meteorological forecast information, to understand the development trend of rain and water regime, at the same time to accept the flood control instructions, ready to flood control and flood control; ( 6 ) evacuation of mechanical equipment: the construction ship operating on the waterway or sea area shall avoid flood berthing; Construction machinery in low-lying and flooded areas shall be transferred to a safe place to avoid flood before flood season. A: yes, sir

46. what are the necessary conditions for material combustion? What fire hazards exist in water conservancy and hydropower construction site?

A: essential conditions for material combustion: ( 1 ) combustibles; ( 2 ) combustion-supporting substances; ( 3 ) fire source. A: yes, sir

Water conservancy and hydropower construction site there are the following fire hazards: ( 1 ) water conservancy and hydropower construction use and storage of a large number of flammable, flammable and explosive materials; ( 2 ) in the process of construction for a lot of welding, gas cutting and open flame operation; ( 3 ) electrical equipment operation will produce sparks and heat; ( 4 ) most of the water conservancy and hydropower projects are located in remote mountainous areas, and the construction team in the process of construction, cross operation, material flow and other characteristics in the objective increase the difficulty of fire management. A: yes, sir

47. what are the fire safety responsibilities of employees?

Answer: ( 1 ) to learn and master the scientific knowledge of fire control, strictly abide by the fire control regulations and safety operation procedures, actively do a good job in the fire control work; ( 2 ) consciously maintain fire control facilities, not damaged, not misappropriated, not dismantle fire control facilities, not buried pressure, circle of fire hydrant, do not occupy the fire spacing, not blocking fire channel; ( 3 ) not illegal use of fire; ( 4 ) to understand the fire risk of this type of work operation and in case of fire emergency disposal method, will use the fire extinguishing equipment; ( 5 ) found that the fire to immediately report the fire, do not lie about the fire, do not stop the alarm, private communication tools should be free to provide convenience for fire alarm; ( 6 ) found that the fire should be immediately put out. A: yes, sir

48. water conservancy and hydropower engineering construction fire prevention have what points?

Answer: ( 1 ) establish the fire prevention system, to carry out regular and irregular fire inspection, timely eliminate fire hazards; ( 2 ) according to the needs of fire prevention, equipped with a certain number of fire fighting equipment and equipment at the construction site, and regularly check the test, to ensure in good condition; The storage place is obvious and easy to access; ( 3 ) in the storage of flammable and explosive gas, electrical equipment and lines to meet the requirements of fire prevention, explosion - proof. Pay attention to daily inspection and maintenance, prevent fire caused by short circuit, overload, poor contact, etc.; ( 4 ) the warehouse lighting bulb shall not exceed 60 w, tool room and dormitory shall not exceed 100 w; Without permission, it is strictly prohibited to use electric furnace; ( 5 ) welding, gas cutting operation around and below a certain range shall not be stacked flammable and explosive goods, it is strictly prohibited in the pressure vessel or pipe welding. A: yes, sir

49. fire extinguishing should pay attention to what matters?

Answer: ( 1 ) found that the fire, to immediately put out, efforts to eliminate the fire in the early stage; ( 2 ) electrical equipment or line fire must first cut off the power supply, live fire extinguishing should use carbon dioxide, dry powder and other non-conductive extinguishing agent fire extinguishing, water, acid and alkali and foam and other conductive extinguishing agent shall not be used; ( 3 ) can't use water or acid and alkali fire extinguisher to put out oil fires; ( 4 ) fire extinguishing, should pay attention to their own and others safety, prevent explosion, poisoning, electric shock and other accidents. A: yes, sir

50. the safety of the reservoir flood season work should be carried out from which several aspects?

Answer: the safety of reservoir flood season should be started from four aspects: ( 1 ) safety inspection before flood season. Mainly check whether the management of the reservoir, automatic hydrological monitoring and reporting system, the appearance and leakage of the dam body, water supply and flood discharge facilities and gate hoist and other equipment operation and emergency measures meet the requirements of the safety of flood season; ( 2 ) the flood season scheduling. Make up the system of flood control plan, do a good job of monitoring and forecasting, real-time scheduling, scheduling summary at the same time; ( 3 ) maintenance and repair after flood season. After the flood season, flood, storm or earthquake occurs, to deal with the dam safety inspection, when necessary, the organization of special safety identification or technical identification, according to the identification results, formulate corresponding maintenance and repair plan; ( 4 ) emergency rescue plan. To personnel safety as the primary goal, the preparation of emergency rescue plan, improve the ability to deal with reservoir emergencies. A: yes, sir

51. in the pre flood safety inspection, in view of the reservoir management should check what content?

Answer: ( 1 ) the implementation of the responsibility system for the safety management of the reservoir dam; ( 2 ) the establishment and implementation of the internal management rules and regulations of the reservoir management unit and the implementation of the post responsibility system; ( 3 ) the important facilities and equipment operation system is established and key positions related certificates; ( 4 ) the management and maintenance of the reservoir dam; ( 5 ) the implementation of flood control and emergency plan and flood control materials, emergency equipment reserves; ( 6 ) dam inspection management implementation. A: yes, sir

52. what are the main contents of earth-rock dam safety inspection?

Answer: ( 1 ) dam surface displacement, subsidence, cracks, landslides, erosion and other phenomena; ( 2 ) the dam surface slope protection with or without overturning, loosening, collapse, overhead and other phenomena; ( 3 ) back water slope, abutment and dam site on both sides of the landslide, collapse, bank collapse, scouring, concentrated seepage and other phenomena; Infiltration and decompression facilities for damage, penetration, silting and other phenomena; ( 4 ) drainage backwash facilities are blocked and poor drainage, water seepage with or without sudden increase, sudden decrease and turbidity phenomenon; ( 5 ) dam foundation, dam body infiltration line and pressure water pressure measuring pipe water level is normal; ( 6 ) embedded in the dam of concrete structure and joint with other buildings, interface working conditions have abnormal change; ( 7 ) dam top pavement and anti-wave wall is in good condition, there is no collapse, crack site, the focus is on the two dam head anti-wave wall crack opening and the main riverbed dam section of anti-wave wall extrusion. A: yes, sir

53. concrete ( panel ) dam appearance safety inspection including what aspects?

Answer: ( 1 ) the dam surface and anti-wave wall cracks, dislocation, dam displacement and displacement between two adjacent dam section is abnormal; ( 2 ) whether there is water seepage, denudation, carbonization, free lime drainage phenomenon on the dam surface; ( 3 ) expansion joint opening and closing is normal, water stop packing with or without damage or failure; ( 4 ) dam foundation uplift pressure, gallery seepage and drainage is normal; ( 5 ) the dam observation equipment is normal work, control analysis observation data with or without super design phenomenon; ( 6 ) mainly check the arch crown upstream face, arch support downstream face crack and transverse seam opening. A: yes, sir

54. flood discharge and water conveyance facilities need to carry out what safety inspection?

Answer: ( 1 ) there are no dangerous rock collapse, landslide, deposit near the water inlet, slope protection with and without cracks, loose, overhead phenomenon; Check whether the inlet and outlet flow pattern is normal, there is no floating accumulation, pressure hole vent is unobstructed; ( 2 ) overflow weir, side wall, floor, stilling pool and other parts of the concrete crack, wear, erosion and other damage phenomenon; ( 3 ) whether the hydraulic jump flow state is normal, whether there is any phenomenon such as water flow, swing flow, reflux; ( 4 ) the concrete lining in the water conveyance tunnel is free from spalling, cracks, water leakage, cavitation and other phenomena; ( 5 ) concrete pressure pipe crack, leakage, deformation, joint seam water stop failure phenomenon; ( 6 ) pressure pipeline Ming tube on both sides of the mountain with and without dangerous rock landslide, landslide, crack, ditch erosion endanger Ming tube safety phenomenon.